梅县松口镇聚落变迁及其成因分析

An Analysis of the Settlement Changes and Its Causes of Songkou Town in Meixian County

梅县松口千年古镇经历了"雏形—形成—繁荣—衰落-新区发展"的演变过程,表现出显著的时间演进特征和城址空间转移特征。从聚落地理角度考察松口古镇的形成与发展演变,分析其兴衰变迁的影响因素。良好的自然条件和优越的地理位置是松口古镇形成的基础条件,客家民系的迁徙发展是促进松口古镇繁荣发展的社会背景和历史因素,交通区位的变化和水患影响是导致松口古镇由繁荣走向衰落的主要原因,行政建制变迁与政府主导是松口古镇发展的重要导向。松口古镇的兴衰变迁遵循着聚落人地关系发展的客观规律。

Songkou Town in Meixian County has a history of more than one thousand years. It has experienced the evolution process of rudiment, formation, prosperity, decay and new district development, showing prominent char- acteristics of time evolution and city space diversion. The paper exprolers the formation and development evolution of Songkou Town from the perspective of settlement geography, and analyzes its impact factors. Good natural condi- tions and location are the foundation; immigration of Hakka people is the social backgroud and historical fator to promote its prosperity; the change of traffic and floods are the main reason of decline; the change of administrative division and the guiding of government are the important orientation. Its prosperity and decay obey the objective laws of settlement of man - land relationship