2004～2005年镇江市未成年人伤害特征和危险因素分析

Analysis of the Characteristic of Injuries and Risk Factors in Minors in Zhenjiang City from 2004 to 2005

[目的]了解未成年人伤害发生原因及其分布特征，为伤害预防控制提供科学依据。[方法]2005年11月，在镇江市城区抽取部分未满18岁的未成年人进行调查。[结果]调查7012人，过去1年内603人发生过伤害，伤害发生率为8．600；发生767例次，例次发生率为10．94％。伤害发生率，男性为10．43％，女性为6．85％（P〈0．01）；4～6岁组最高．16～17岁最低，有随着年龄增加逐渐下降的趋势（P〈0．01）。伤害发生例次居前5位的是跌倒／坠落、交通事故、碰撞／挤压伤、昆虫／动物咬伤、扭伤。最常见的伤害部位为手指／脚趾和下肢；41．33％发生在家里／宿舍，35．85％在娱乐活动时发生。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果，年龄增大是未成年人发生伤害的保护因素，男生、单亲家庭、自己骑自行车上学、家庭成员相处常有矛盾是未成年人发生伤害的危险因素。[结论]年龄小、男生、单亲家庭、自己骑自行车上学、家庭成员相处常有矛盾的未成年人更易发生伤害。

[Objective]To understand the causes of injuries and distribution among minors, provide scientific evidence for injury prevention and control. [Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among minors aged under 18 in November 2005 in ZhenJiang city. [Results]Of the 7 012 minors investigated, 603 of them were injured during the last year, accounting for 8.60% ;and 767 person-times had injuries, accounting for 10.94%. Male accounted for 10.43% and female accounted for 6.85% （ P 〈0.01）. The highest incidence of injuries was in the group aged from 4 to 6 ,and the lowest was in the group aged from 16 to 17. The incidence of injuries declined with the increase of the age（ P 〈0.01） ,The first 5 leading causes of injuries was falls, traffic accidents, collision/extrusion, insect/animal bites and. stremma. Fingers/toes and legs were the most site to be injured. 41.33% of the injuries occurred at home/dormitory and 35. 85% of the injures occurred during entertainment activities. Multifactor unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that,the increase of age was the protective factors. Boys, single-parent families, going to school by bicycle and no good relationship between family members were the risk factors of injuries. [Conclusion]Injuries often occurred in the younger people, boys as well as minors from single-parent families,going to school by bicycle and thier family members had no good relationship.