清代文学世家及其家学考略

A Review of the Literary Families and Their Family Academy in the Qing Dynasty

清代比较典型的49个文学世家,大都出现于清前、中期,主要集中分布于环太湖的苏南、浙北及皖东南经济发达地区,具有十分明显的时空分布特征。文学世家的家学传统非常丰富,有的文学世家以诗文著称,还有一些文学世家善画工书、兼遂经史。清代文学世家与文学流派的关系密切,学派具有鲜明的"家族化"学术特征。清代文学世家的兴盛,与清前、中期的政治、经济、文化环境有直接关系。统治者的喜好对于文学的发展及文学世家的形成也产生了推动作用。

There were 49 typical literary families in the Qing Dynasty. Most of them appeared in early and metaphase Qing Dynasty. They centred on South Suzhou, North Zhejiang and Southeast Anhui. The family academy of the literary families was plentiful. Some of them were celebrated of verse and literary, some were good at painting and writing, classics and history. The literary families in the Qing Dynasty were closely related to literary school that had distinctive academic features of ＂Family＂. The flourish literary families were directly related to the surroundings of the early and metaphase Qing Dynasty. The Rulers＇ fancy also pushed the development of literary and literary families.