培养法与Equate^(TM)抗原检测法检测集中空调冷却水军团菌

Detection of Legionella in water of cooling tower by culture and Equate^(TM) antigen detection assay

目的:了解集中空调冷却水军团菌污染状况和血清型分布,评价利用EquateTM水军团菌快速试验试剂盒检测军团菌。方法:选取南京、常州、苏州共148家集中空调冷却塔,每个冷却塔平行采集两份水样,分别用培养法和EquateTM水军团菌快速试验试剂盒检测军团菌。结果:培养法军团菌的总阳性率为75%,共检出菌株145株,血清型分布以LP1(65.5%)为主,LP2-8、L.micdadei、L.bozemanii均有检出;EquateTM试剂盒检测LP1阳性率为57.4%,与培养法比较差异无统计学意义(McNemarχ2=1.56、P=0.26),检测灵敏度、特异度易受其他细菌干扰。结论:集中空调冷却水军团菌污染较普遍,血清型别多样以LP1为主。EquateTM水军团菌快速试验试剂盒,可作为培养法的辅助手段用于突发事件应急,筛查高浓度LP1污染,不适于常规监测。

Objective： To learn the pollute status and its serum type of Legionella in the cooling tower water of central air-conditioning and evaluate the utility of the Equate^TM water Legionglla test kit for detection of Legionella.Methods：From Nanjing,Changzhuo,Suzhuo 148 cooling towers water of central air-conditioning were recruited and measured the prevalence of Legionella by culture and the Equate^TM water Legionglla test kit.Results：The positive detective rate of culture was 75%,and 145 strains were isolated.The distribution of serum of Legionella mostly was LP1（65.5%）,others were LP2-8,L.micdadei,L.bozemanii;The positive rate of LP1 by the Equate^TM test kit was 57.4%.To compare with culture,the distinction has not statistics significance（McNema χ^2=1.56,P=0.26）.But the sensitivity and specificity of detection was interference by other bacteria.Conclusion：The pollution status of Legionella in central air conditioning cooling water was common,and its serotypes is manifold,the most serotype was LP1.The Equate^TM test kit could be considered as an adjunct to culture for emergency,screening of high concentration of pollution LP1,but not suitable for water environment regular monitoring of Legionella.