细胞冷冻冰晶损伤和应激损伤机理

The mechanism of cryoinjury in mammalian cells:a review of current ideas

低温下保存生物材料可使临床研究不受限于时间空间,安全有效的细胞冻存可以为组织工程、基因治疗和细胞移植提供丰富的细胞来源。冷冻保存已经成功应用于许多细胞株系,但不同来源的细胞系冻存效率差别很大,仍有细胞系在提高低温冻存效率时面临瓶颈无法突破。细胞冷冻损伤机理在冰晶损伤和细胞应激损伤方面还有待更深入的了解,本文将集中讨论近年来这方面的一些研究进展。

Cryopreservation is routinely employed in establishing protocols for the frozen preservation of cells in culture; and many new therapies are emerging that make use of living cells as the basis for treatment. Tissue engineering, gene therapy, and cellular implantation all rely on the ability to store and transport cells and tissues in order to be clinically successful. The concept of preserving cells and tissues for long periods of time by freezing them has led to a continual interest in how and why cells are damaged when they are exposed to cold temperatures. There are many aspects to the damaging effects to cells during cryopreservation that are still poorly understood. In this brief article we will review current understandings of cellular injury and highlight the aspects of cellular injury during cryopreservation that are still poorly understood.