真菌的抗氰呼吸

Cyanide-resistant respiration in fungi

抗氰呼吸是指对细胞色素氧化酶抑制剂以及阻断细胞色素C之间电子传递的抑制剂不敏感的线粒体呼吸,是以交替氧化酶为末端氧化酶的非磷酸化的电子传递途径。在真菌界,抗氰呼吸主要存在于厌氧发酵酵母样真菌。抗氰呼吸可调节真菌细胞能量代谢,并可降低细胞内活性氧的生成,以适应环境条件的改变,增强真菌适应各种环境胁迫的能力。本文主要对真菌抗氰呼吸及其交替氧化酶的最新研究进展作一综述。

Cyanide-resistant respiration （CRR） is conferred by an additional terminal oxidase, the alternative oxidase （Aox）, and is insensitive to conventional inhibitors of cytochrome respiration. CRR is a common pathway among non-fermentative yeasts. More recently the role of CRR was described as part of yeasts＇ ability to regulate energy balance in response to changing environment and Aox was recognized as an enzyme limiting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in avoidance of damage to the yeast cells by reactive oxygen species. This review summarizes our present knowledge and understanding of the CRR and the Aox in fungi.