酵母卵磷脂的脱酰基分解代谢

Metabolism of yeast phosphatidylcholine through phospholipid deacylation

卵磷脂经脱酰基作用产生甘油磷酸胆碱和脂肪酸。酵母是研究脂质代谢的常用模式生物。研究发现,磷脂酶B1和神经病靶标酯酶1催化酵母卵磷脂的脱酰基作用。磷脂酶B1作用于卵磷脂产生的甘油磷酸胆碱分泌到细胞外,而细胞外的甘油磷酸胆碱由甘油磷酸肌醇转运蛋白1转运到细胞内,其水解产物为细胞提供磷和胆碱等重要营养物。神经病靶标酯酶1催化卵磷脂产生的甘油磷酸胆碱储存在细胞内,甘油磷酸胆碱可以进一步被甘油磷酸二酯酶1分解产生胆碱,用于合成新的卵磷脂。

Phosphatidylcholine （PC） is deacylated to produce glycerophosphocholine （GPC） and fatty acid. Yeast is the usual model to study the metabolism of lipid. Phospholipase B1 （PLB 1） and nenropathy target esterase 1 （NTE1） have been identified to deacylate PC in yeast. PC is deacylated by PLB 1 to produce external GPC. Glycerophosphoinositol transporter protein 1 （GIP1） imports extracellular GPC across the plasma membrane, where its hydrolytic products can provide crucial nutrients such as phosphate and choline to the cell. Intracellular GPC produced by NTEI is hydrolyzed by glycerophosphodiesterase 1（GDE1） to produce choline, which is used to synthesize new PC.