民族贫困地区居民对旅游扶贫效应的感知和参与行为研究--以青海省三江源地区为例

Study on Residents' Perception and Participational Behavior on the Effect of Poverty-Elimination by Tourism in Ethnic Poverty-sticken Areas

近年来,旅游扶贫效应研究呈现出从区域经济效应为主向区域经济、社会文化和环境效应并重发展的态势,研究视角也开始从贫困地区向贫困人口转换。本文在分析以藏族为主体的典型民族贫困地区——青海省三江源地区贫困与旅游发展现状的基础上,运用问卷调查和数理统计方法,探析了当地居民对旅游扶贫效应的感知和参与行为。研究表明,当地居民对旅游扶贫的正面效应感知明显而负面效应不敏感,对发展旅游总体上持支持态度,具有较高参与热情;不同人口特征的居民参与机会和能力在旅游扶贫效应感知、态度和参与意向上有显著差异;当地居民对旅游扶贫正效应的感知对其态度和参与意向均有显著正向影响。

In recent years, the study of the effect of poverty elimination by tourism （PET） has been expanded from regional economic aspect to regional economic, sociocultural and environmental aspects. The research perspective has begun to be shifted from poverty-stricken areas to the poor. Based on the analysis of the typical ethnic poverty-stricken area （mainly inhabited by Tibetans） ——Sanjiangyuan region in Qinghai Province and by conducting a questionnaire survey and statistical method, the authors make an analysis of the residents＇ perception and participational behavior on the effect of poverty-elimination by tourism. The study indicates that local residents have evidently positive perception of PET and are not sensitive to its negative effect. As a whole, they hold an attitude of approval towards tourism development with pretty high enthusiasm of participation. There are marked differences of the perception of poverty elimination by tourism, attitude and participational intentions in terms of different demographic features, chances of participation and ability. Local residents＇ perception on positive effect of PET has distinct and positive impact on their attitude and participational intentions.