四种增色剂对锦鲤的生长、形体、体色和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of four colorants on morphological indices,body-color and antioxidant capacity of koi carp

本试验研究了在基础饲料中添加虾青素、叶黄素、胡萝卜素阿卜酯、辣椒红素四种增色剂对锦鲤生长、形体、体色和抗氧化功能的影响。将1050尾体重(19.28±0.51)g单色红锦鲤随机分为14个组,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾试验鱼,每种增色剂设3个梯度(50、100、200mg/kg),另设虾青素400mg/kg组和不加增色剂的对照组,试验期60d。结果表明:(1)四种增色剂对锦鲤的生长、体色、抗氧化能力有显著影响(P<0.05),而对锦鲤形体指标无显著影响(P>0.05);(2)增色剂组的增重率、特定生长率和抗氧化能力均低于对照组;(3)锦鲤体表的总类胡萝卜素含量排序为:辣椒红素200mg/kg组>辣椒红素100mg/kg组>胡萝卜素阿卜酯100mg/kg组>叶黄素200mg/kg组>其他增色剂组>对照组。因辣椒红素的增色效果较好,且其价格低廉,故在本试验条件下建议将辣椒红素作为锦鲤增红的最佳增色剂,其在饲料中的最佳添加量为200mg/kg。

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets added 4 kinds of colorants （astaxanthin,lutein, apo-ester and capsanthin）on growth, morphological indices, body-color and antioxidant capacity of red koi carp with average initial weight of （19.28±0.51）g.1050 red koi carp was randomly diviede into 14 treatments of 75 each,25 for each replicate.The level of 4 colorants adding into the basal diets were 50,100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg.A diet without colorants supplement served as control and a diet contained 400 mg/kg astaxanthin was included.After 60 days of feeding,the results showed that ： （ 1 ）Colorants had remarkably effect on the growth,body-color and antioxidant capacity of koi carp（P 〈 0.05）, but no significant on morphological indices （P 〉 0.05）;（2）The weight gain （WG）,special growth ratio （SGR） and antioxidant capacity of colorant groups were lower than those of control group; （3）The sequence of total carotenoids content in body surface of koi carp was：capsanthin 200 mg/kg group 〉 capsanthin 100 mg/kg group 〉 apo-ester 100 mg/kg group 〉 lutein 200 mg/kg 〉 the other colorant groups 〉 control group.According to the results, in consideration of the competitive price and better effect,capsanthin of 200 mg/kg added is optimum to improve red koi carp body-color in the experiment.