中国艾滋病致孤儿童生长发育与营养水平及心理健康研究

Growth,development,nutritional status and mental health of AIDS-affected orphans in China

目的调研中国艾滋病致孤儿童生长发育、营养水平与心理健康状况,为政策制定提供依据。方法按性别、年龄1∶1匹配,调查96对艾滋病致孤儿童与非孤儿的身心健康水平,并进行差异比较。结果孤儿组BMIz评分与肩胛下皮褶厚度显著低于非孤儿(P<0.01),消瘦明显。孤儿组自尊量表(SES)总分更低,而抑郁问卷(BDI)总分更高(P<0.05)。男性孤儿身心健康弱势明显,女性组间未见显著性差异。结论中国艾滋病致孤儿童的身心健康脆弱性显著,需探索可持续性更强的孤儿抚养策略,并进行以心理支持为核心的综合健康干预,而且对男性孤儿应给予更多关注。

Objective To investigate the growth, development, nutritional status and mental health of AIDS af fected orphans in China and provide scientific basis for policy formulation. Methods Adopting gender-age 1 ： 1 matching design, 96 pairs of AIDS affected orphans and children from normal families were investigated in term of their physical and mental health status. Results Orphans were found thinner than non orphans for their significantly lower BMI z scores and subseapular skinfold thickness. Compared with the control group, AIDS affected orphans also had significantly lower SES and BDI scores. Male orphans were more vulnerable than male non-orphans in physical and mental health and no significant differences were found between female groups. Conclusion AIDS affected orphans in China have significant physical and mental health vulnerabilities and urgently needs health care. More sustainable fostering strategies are needed to be explored and integrated health interventions with focus on mental health support will be crucial. And more attention should be given to male orphans.