流动人口在流入地接受艾滋病健康教育的影响因素:以流出地为基础的调查

Impact factors for the receiving of AIDS related health education among migrant population:a hometown-based survey

目的了解影响流动人口接受艾滋病健康教育的相关因素。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,在流出地选择返乡流动人员454人,利用自制问卷进行面对面调查,了解其接受艾滋病健康教育及相关情况。结果调查对象在流入地有更多的机会接受艾滋病健康教育,打工时间越长接受教育越多。按是否接受过艾滋病健康教育,将454人分为干预组(261人)和未干预组(193人)。与干预组相比,未干预组年龄较大[(40.52±8.56)岁],女性所占比例较高(49.74%),文化程度较低(文盲或识字很少达16.58%),社区登记率较低(58.03%)。未接受干预的原因主要是对艾滋病问题没有兴趣(61.14%),认为其与自己无关(73.58%)。结论未干预组流动人员是更为弱势的群体,更易受艾滋病病毒感染。针对流动人口的艾滋病健康教育模式将部分更易感人群排除在外,改进干预策略十分必要。

Objective To study the factors which influence the receiving of AIDS-related health education among rural-to-urban migrant population. Methods Four hundred and fifty four migrant workers were recruited from their rural hometowns（out-flowing area）by a multiple-stage sampling, and their receiving of AIDS-related health education and related factors were face-to-face investigated using a self-administrated questionnaire when they returned to their hometowns. Results The subjects under survey actually had more chances to receive AIDS related health education in the areas where they were working, and the longer they worked, the more education they received. According to the availability of health education, the 454 recruited subjects were divided into two groups, i. e. intervention group which received education in the areas where they were working（261 subjects）and nonintervention groups which received no education there（193 subjects）. Compared with those in the intervention group, the subjects in the non-intervention group were older（40.52 years± 8.56）, had higher female ratio（49.74 % ）,lower education（ 16.58 % of illiteracy） ,and lower rate of registration in the urban community（58.03% ）. Of the respondents 61.14 and 73.58 ascribed their failure to receive the intervention to＂indifference to AIDS＇and＂AIDS having nothing to do with them. Conclusion The subjects in the non-intervention group as a vulnerable population are more susceptible to HIV infection. However,the current health education programs has excluded part of this susceptible population, and therefore it is urgent to improve the intervention strategy.