护理专业本专科学生临床实习初期适应情况及其影响因素调查研究

Nursing students'adaptation and influential factors at the early-stage of clinical practice

目的:了解护理专业本专科学生临床实习初期的适应情况和影响因素。方法:采用问卷调查法,对方便取样选取的北京市9家三级甲等教学医院的护理本专科实习满4周的339名学生进行调查,完成资料收集并进行统计学分析。结果:护理专业本专科的学生总体临床实习初期的适应水平得分为74.78±12.29分;并且在不同学历、是否重点学院、家庭所在地是否大城市和是否独生子女几方面,适应情况存在统计学差异,而是否北京生源对适应的影响不大。结论:护理教育者要在护理专业学生实习之前对其进行有针对性的岗前培训教育,选择优秀护士担任护理教师并且尽可能固定学生的带教老师,针对临床实习初期适应相对较弱的群体进行有针对性的指导。

Objective： To explore the nursing students （associate degree and bachelor degree） adaptation and influential factors at the early stage of clinical practice. Methods： A questionnaire was used to collect the data. Totally 339 nursing students from nine hospitals were recruited, whose internship were over 4 weeks. The nine hospitals were selected flom the upper ftrst-dass teaching hospital in Beijing by the convenience sampling method. Results： The score of the nursing students＇ general adaptation in the early-stage of clinical practice was 74.78 ± 12.29. There were significant differences in the nursing students＇ adaptation score by educational background, the level of college （leading college or not）, home location On big city or not）, and family characteristic （one child family or not）. However, there was not a significant difference between students from Beijing and those from other areas. Conclusion： The nursing educators should do the well-targeted orientation training to the nursing students before the practice. In addition, the excellent nurses should be selected as the teachers with a relatively fixed arrangement and the targeted gaining should be provided to the nursing students who might be not adapted to the clinical practice at the early stage.