吉林省冬季逆温天气特征分析

Analysis on Synoptic and Climatic Features of Temperature Inversion Under Different Conditions of Geographical Environment in Winter

吉林省的三个探空站即长春、临江和延吉分别位于该省的中部平原、南部山区和东部盆地之中。利用三站探空资料,分析了吉林省冬季发生逆温的时空分布特征、逆温的统计特征、逆温属性以及逆温的天气气候特征。结果表明:逆温的发生频率平原最多、山区次之,盆地较少,强逆温的发生频率恰好与之相反;逆温底高平原多发生在近地面附近,山区多在400m以下,盆地多在200m以下;发生在近地面的强逆温层厚度一般多发生在1000m以下;逆温属性,平原和山区以辐射或下沉逆温为主,盆地则以辐射或下沉和平流逆温为主,同时指出了不同属性逆温的地面形势场特征。

Three upper air sounding stations of Jilin Province, Changchun, Linjiang, and Yanji, are located on middle plain, muth mountain area, and east basin of the province, respectively. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, statistical characteristics, synoptic and climatic features, and causes of temperature inversion occurring in the winter of J ilin Province are analyzed on the basis of the data from three stations mentioned above. Analysis results indicate that （ 1 ） the inversion is of high frequency in the middle plain, median in the mountain area, and low in the east basin, but the frequency of severe inversion is on the opposite; （2） the inversion base often lies near the surface in the middle plain, below 400m in the mountain area, and below 200m in the basin; （3） the thickness of the severe inversion on surface is usually less than 1000m; （4） inversions in the plain and mountain area are mainly caused by radiation and subsidence, while inversions in the basin can be caused by radiation and subsidence, or advection. The situation field characteristics of different inversions are also studied.