一起食源性霍乱暴发疫情的病原学检测

Etiological detection of a food borne cholera outbreak

目的报告一起由霍乱弧菌引起的食源性暴发疫情的病原学特征。方法在流行病学调查、临床表现基础上开展了实验室细菌分离培养和病原学鉴定。结果采集聚餐者肛拭标本52份、外环境检索样本49份,其中10份肛拭标本和1份井水检出O1群霍乱弧菌小川型,噬菌体-生物分型为15 f,毒力基因ctx阳性。48份密切接触者标本中未检出霍乱弧菌。11株霍乱弧菌生化鉴定结果完全一致,氧化酶试验、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、葡萄糖、蔗糖阳性,精氨酸双水解酶、阿拉伯糖阴性。药敏试验:对阿莫西林、利福平中度敏感,对诺氟沙星、先锋噻肟、复方新诺明、庆大霉素、萘啶酸敏感性较强。结论本次食源性霍乱暴发疫情的病原菌是O1群霍乱弧菌小川型15 f,诺氟沙星、先锋噻肟等可为抗菌治疗和预防性服药的首选药物。

Objective To report the etiological characteristics of a food borne cholera outbreak caused by Vibrio cholerae. Methods Laboratory isolation and culture of bacteria and etiological identification were performed on the basis of epidemiological survey and clinical symptom. Results A total of 52 stool samples from feast participants and 49 outer-environmental samples were collected. Ten stool samples and 1 well water sample were positive for serotype Ogawa of Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 （phage biotype： 15f, virulence gene： ctx）. Vibrio cholerae was not detected from the samples of 48 close contacts samples. The biochemical identification results of 11 strains of Vibrio cholerae were same. They were positive for oxidase test, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, glucose, sucrose tests and negative for arginine dihydrolase, pectin sugar tests. They were moderately sensitive to amoxicillin and rifampicin, and sensitive to norfloxacin, cefotaxime, sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and nalidixic acid. Conclusion The food borne cholera outbreak was caused by serotype Ogawa of Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 （phage biotype： 15f）, Norfloxacin, cefotaxime were the appropriate antibiotics for the treatment and prevention.