物、物质、遗产与博物馆

The Object,Matter,Heritage and Museum

物的研究在人类学学科体系中占据着重要的位置。一方面,物质作为研究对象一直是人类学家关注的焦点;另一方面,人类学家通过物质化的表述——"物的民族志"(object of ethnography)将人类学特有的知识谱系呈现给读者。物有其存在的场所即物质空间,在物与物质空间的互动中,物被建构、使用、释义;博物馆就是一个例子。殖民时期,西方博物馆首先作为殖民地之物的收藏所出现,直至今日博物馆仍然是物质展演的重要场所之一,但其功能、形式、馆藏等均受到反思和质疑。针对物及博物馆的讨论,我们完成了以下的讨论;参加讨论的有彭兆荣教授以及厦门大学人类学系08级部分博士研究生。

The study of objects plays an important role in the system of anthropology. On one hand, the object is the focus of attention in anthropologists＇ researches; on the other hand, anthropologists represent the genealogy of anthropology by an objectified way-object of ethnography. There is a specific space for the object material space, and in the interaction of the object and its space, the object is constructed, applied and interpreted. The museum is an example. In colonial period, the museum was emerged as a place where collected objects from colonial countries. Till now, the museum has been a place for cultural display of objects. Nevertheless, the function, the form of the exhibitions and the collections are all be rethinked and questioned. In terms of objects and museums, we had a discussion below. Discussants are Prof.Peng Zhaorong from School of Humanities and parts of PhD candidates of Department of Anthropology in Xiamen University.