1951～2007年新疆猩红热流行特征分析

Analysis of Epidemic Characteristics of Scarlatina in Xinjiang during 1951-2007

目的掌握新疆猩红热的流行状况,为制定防制策略和预测疫情趋势提供依据。方法对1951～2007年新疆猩红热的疫情进行描述分析并了解发病水平和流行特征。结果57年间新疆猩红热疫情呈现波动起伏状态,具有一定的周期性,有过2次大的流行;全年均有病例发生;发病集中于学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童;北疆地区发病高于南疆地区;1994年之后全疆发病水平呈现相对较低状态,2002年起猩红热疫情呈上升趋势。结论3～14岁年龄组为新疆猩红热发病的高危人群,应加强全疆中、小学校和托幼机构疫情监测,提高医疗机构的诊疗水平,防止暴发流行。

Objective To grasp the epidemic situation of scarlatina in Xinjiang, so as to provide basis for formulating control strategy and predicting epidemic tendency. Methods Descriptive analysis of the epidemic situation of scarlatina in Xinjiang from 1951 to 2007 was carried out to understand the level of morbidity and the epidemic characteristics of scarlatina. Results The epidemic situation of scarlatina in Xinjiang fluctuated and presented a certain periodicity in the 57 years. During the years there were two times of major prevalence of scarlatina in Xinjiang. Patients were yearly found and distributed mainly in pupils, children in kindergarten and at home. The level of morbidity of the disease in northern Xinjiang was higher than that in southern Xinjiang. The level of morbidity of the disease in the whole of Xinjiang was relatively low after 1994. From 2002, the prevalence of scarlatina tended to be increase. Conclusions Age groups of 3 - 14 years old are the high risk groups of scarlatina in Xinjiang. Surveillance in kindergarten, primary and middle schools should be strengthened in the whole region of Xinjiang and the level of diagnosis and treatment of the medical institutions should be improved to prevent the outbreak.