矿用带式输送机减速器输入轴断裂分析及对策

Analysis and Countermeasures of Input Shaft Breaking for Gearbox of Mine Belt Conveyor

为减少煤矿井下带式输送机减速器高速轴断裂事故的发生,针对井下某型号减速器使用现场高速轴断轴事故,进行了断轴原因分析。分别从高速轴材质组成、材质硬度、材质金相、断口形貌、使用现场液力耦合器安装方式等方面进行分析,同时对高速轴各危险截面进行强度计算及最终断面位置分析。得出由于减速器高速轴与电机轴安装不对中且轴承长期不对中运转,液力耦合器安装方式不合理,保养不及时是造成高速轴疲劳断裂的主要原因。因此电机与高速轴安装同心度的保证,液力耦合器正确的安装方式及设备使用期间的良好维护是保证设备正常运转的关键。

In order to reduce the high speed shaft breaking accident occurred in the gearbox of the underground mine belt conveyor, the shaft breaking cause were searched and analyzed base on the mine site high speed shaft breaking accidents of the certain mode gearbox. The analyses were made on the material composition, material hardness, material metallography and fracture appearance of the high speed shaft as well as the installation methods applied to the site hydraulic couplers. A strength calculation of the each dangerous cross section for the high speed shaft and the analysis on the final cross section location were made in the paper. The calculation and analysis showed that due to the installations of the gearbox high speed shaft and the electric motor shaft were not in centering and the bearings were running not in centering for a long time, the improper installation and the no timely maintenance of the hydraulic coupler were the main causes to occur the fatigue breaking of the high speed shaft. Therefore, to ensure the installation concentricity between the electric motor and the high speed shaft, the correct installation method of the hydraulic coupler and the good maintenance during the equipment operation period would be the key to ensure the proper operation of the equipment.