抗生素对苏淮猪发酵床养殖环境的影响

Effect of Antibiotics on Production Environment of Suhuai Pigs Based on Ferment Bed Culture System

选择苏淮猪20头,按照性别相同(母猪)、体重一致(30.0±5.5)kg的原则分为4个组。对照组(CT)为健康猪不添加或注射任何药物,组1(T1)为健康猪群,采用拌料方式,用药量为预防量;组2(T2)为轻微咳嗽猪群,采用拌料方式,用药量为治疗量;组3(T3)为重症连续长咳猪群,采用拌料和肌注两种方式结合治疗。试验期30 d,分别对每组床体进行温湿度测量,及其各组床体对粪便的分解能力和圈舍气味进行评定。结果表明各项指标T1组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。T2组发酵床床体中层15 cm和下层30 cm处温度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),垫料表面湿度和内部湿度均显著大于对照组(P<0.01),对粪便的分解能力显著(P<0.05)低于对照组。T3组发酵床床体表层0 cm处(P<0.05)、中层15 cm(P<0.05)和下层30 cm(P<0.01)处温度显著低于对照组,垫料表面湿度和内部湿度均显著大于对照组(P<0.01),对粪便的分解能力显著(P<0.01)低于对照组,且T3组气味显著重于对照组(P<0.01)。

Twenty Su Huai pigs with average weight of 30.0±5.5kg were selected and allotted into 4 groups in order to study the possiblility of dietary or injected antibiotics in the fermentation bed cultivation system of Suhuai pigs. Healthy pigs were allotted to the control group （CT） or treatment 1 （T1）. No dietary or injected antibiotics was used to the pigs in CT. Preventive level of antibiotics were dietary supplemented in T1. Pigs with occasionally short coughs （within 5 times per minute） were allotted into T2 and clinical level of antibiotics were dietary supplemented. Those with continuously coughs were allotted into T3 and clinical level of antibiotics were dietary supplemented and intramuscular injected. The result did not show significant difference of any item between T1 and CT. Items of bed temperature, humidity, fecal decomposition ability and pen smell in T2 and T3 were significantly affected by the application of antibiotics.