黏土矿物对工业污染物Na^+和Hg^(2+)的吸附试验研究

Experimental Study on Adsorptive Characteristics of Clay Minerals for Na^+,Hg^(2+) in Wastewaters

随着工农业生产的迅速发展,大量工业废水中的金属离子通过各种渠道进入了地下水系统,给地下水水资源的开发、利用带来了极大威胁。为了探讨黏土矿物对工业废水中金属离子的吸附规律,在平煤集团30万t PVC配套25万t离子膜烧碱项目的研究基础上,通过室内静态吸附试验,对黏土矿物吸附氯碱工业污染物的吸附能力进行了研究。结果表明:黏土矿物对Na+和Hg2+有很好的吸附作用,pH值是影响其吸附效果的一个重要因素;随着介质的pH值增高,阳离子交换容量增加。该结果为干旱半干旱区合理利用污水资源,充分发挥黏土矿物在环境治理上的应用潜力,寻求可持续发展的新型环保材料提供了依据。

With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production, a large number of industrial waste＇ s metallic ions have entered into the groundwater system through various channels, which brings a great threat to the use of the groundwater resources. On the basis of the project of 300 000 tons PVC combined with a necessary item of 250 000 tons ion-exchange membrane caustic soda of the Pingdingshan Coal Group, Henan province, China, an experimental research on the static adsorption of clay minerals for metal ions in wastewaters was carried out. The results showed that clay minerals have a high affinity for the Na^＋ , Hg^2＋ adsorption, in which pH value is an important factor affecting the adsorption effect. The higher the pH value, the larger the cation exchange capacity be- comes. The results lay the foundations of fully utilizing sewage and purification ability of clay minerals in arid and semi-arid areas, and also provide a basis for searching environmental protection materials in sustainable develop- ment.