脑缺血预处理和缺血耐受机制

Cerebral ischemic preconditioning and mechanisms of ischemic tolerance

脑缺血预处理系指机体对短暂缺血的适应性反应，能增强神经元对再次缺血的耐受性，其内源性保护机制涉及多个分子，如腺苷受体、热休克蛋白、阿片受体、低氧诱导因子、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体、环氧合酶和抗氧化酶等。由于这种内源性保护具有临床应用价值，对脑保护机制研究和药物开发具有重要意义，因此受到生命科学界广泛关注。

Cerebral ischemic preconditioning refers to an adaptive response to transient ischemia. It increases neuronal tolerance to the recurrence of ischemia. Its endogenous protective mechanisms involve a number of molecules, such as adenosine receptor, heat shock protein, opioid receptor, hypoxia-inducible factor, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, cyclooxygenase and antioxidase. Because this endogenous protection has clinical value, it has an important significance for the research of cerebral protective mechanism and drug development; therefore, it has received wide attention in the field of life sciences.