厦门市思明区人群乙型肝炎病毒感染现况调查

Survey on Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among General Population in Siming District,Xiamen

目的了解思明区人群乙肝病毒(HBV)感染状况及免疫水平,分析影响HBV感染的危险行为因素。方法依据全国乙肝血清流行病学调查方案,以1 59岁居民为调查对象,共调查732人。问卷调查乙肝疫苗免疫史和危险行为因素,并采集静脉血用ELISA法检测血清乙肝5种抗原抗体水平。结果人群HBsAg总携带率为9.84%,其中1 4岁,5 14岁、15 59岁分别为0.83%、4.44%和14.62%。人群抗-HBs总阳性率为59.29%,其中14岁、5 14岁和15 59岁分别为76.03%、61.11%和53.83%。1 4岁、5 14岁和15 59岁人群乙肝疫苗接种率分别为100%,94.44%和24.59%。接种乙肝疫苗人群HBsAg携带率和小三阳感染者(HBsAg+,抗-HBe+,抗-HBc+)比例均低于无接种人群(χ2=30.19,36.50;P<0.01)。口腔诊疗史OR值为1.65,95%CI为1.012.70。结论思明区5岁以下儿童乙肝表面抗原携带率<1%的控制目标已实现,但人群HBsAg总携带率仍较高。乙肝免疫接种起到良好的保护作用。口腔诊疗史是HBV感染的危险行为因素。

Objective To survey the current status of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection and immunity levels a- mong general population in Siming District, find out the behavioral risk factors for HBV infection. Methods According to the National sero - epidemiological survey program of hepatitis B, a total of 732 people of 1 - 59 years old were surveyed on hepatitis B immunization history and behavioral risk factors with questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected and tested for five hepatitis B serological antigens and antibodies by ELISA. Results The overall HBsAg carrying rate was 9. 84%, and that of 1 -4 years old, 5 - 14 years old and 15 -59 years old people were 0. 83%, 4. 44%, 14. 62%, respectively. The total positive rate of anti- HBs was 59. 29%, and that of 1 -4 years old, 5 - 14 years old and 15 -59 years old people were 76. 03%, 61.11%, 53.83%, respectively. Hepatitis B immunization rates of 1 -4 years old, 5 - 14 years old and 15 ~ 59 years old people were 100%, 94. 44% and 24. 59%, respectively. Hepatitis B immunization signifi- candy reduced the HBsAg carrying rate and the proportions of the people who were positive for HBsAg, anti - HBe and anti -HBc（x2 =30. 19, 36. 50, P〈0.01）. The OR value of dental surgery was 1.65 （95%CI = 1.01 -2. 70）. Conclusions The goal to reduce the HBsAg carrying rate for children under 5 years old to 〈 1% had been reached in Siming District, but the overall HBsAg carrying rate among the general population was still high. The hepatitis B immunization had provided protection to the people. Dental surgery was one of the risk factors of HBV infection.