基于遗传算法的超宽带天线优化设计

Optimization of an Ultra Wideband Antenna Using Genetic Algorithm

为改善传统超宽带天线设计中存在的辐射脉冲波形拖尾振荡问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法的超宽带天线综合设计方法。该方法采用保真系数和回波损耗的适应度函数加权形成目标函数,在确定结构基础上对天线参数进行遗传操作,实现了超宽带天线时域辐射波形的优化设计。根据遗传算法寻优结果设计出一款单极锥天线,并用时域有限差分法对天线的电特性进行了仿真,结果证明该方法有效。优化的变形锥结构在高低平面内辐射波形一致性好,且拖尾振荡明显减小。

In order to improve the transient properties and avoid ringing, a method to design ultra wideband （UWB） antenna based on genetic algorithm （GA） is presented. The object function consisted of a weighted sum of the values of the fidelity factor and the value of return loss is used. Genetic operation is applied to optimization of antenna structure dimensions and to improve the time domain waveform fidelity. A monocone antenna is designed using the results of optimization by GA and its electrical properties is simulated with finite difference time domain （FDTD）. It has been proved that GA is an effective method for designing UWB antenna. The electric field waveforms of optimized antenna in the elevation plane achieve high correlation and the ringing is smaller.