临床分离的90株白假丝酵母菌基因分型和药敏试验分析

Genotypic analysis and drug susceptibility tests of 90 Candida albicans isolates obtained from clinical specimens

目的探讨白假丝酵母菌感染的诊断和分型及其耐药性特点的重要意义。方法各种临床标本经常规方法培养,采用PCR扩增白假丝酵母菌的25S rDNA基因的内含子区可转座Ⅰ型内含子插入片段,根据扩增产物的大小和片段数目来分型;药敏实验采用ATB FUNGUS 3酵母菌药物敏感性检测板条。结果分离出的90株白假丝酵母菌检出A型44株(44/90,48.9%),B型33株(33/90,36.7%),C型13株(13/90,14.4%)。各基因型白假丝酵母菌均未出现AMB耐药株;C型白假丝酵母菌对FCA的耐药率有高于A型和B型的趋势;B型和C型白假丝酵母菌对ITR的耐药率有高于A型的趋势;C型白假丝酵母菌对VRC的耐药率有高于A型和B型的趋势。结论明确白假丝酵母菌的基因型与耐药性之间的关系,对白假丝酵母菌感染的诊断、耐药性变异、监控医院内真菌感染情况、真菌流行病学研究等具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the importance of the diagnosis and genotyping and drug resistance characteristics of C. albicans infections in clinical practice. Methods The fungi were cultured by routine method, the PCR was applied to amplify the target DNA fragment spanning the region of the transposable group I intron of 25S rDNA of Candida albicans. The drug susceptibility tests were performed with ATB Fungus 3 tip. Results Three genotypes in 90 strains of C. albicans isolated from clinical specimens have been identified. They were genotype A （44/90, 48.9% ）, genotype B （33/90, 36.7% ） ,and genotype C （13/90, 14.4% ）. None of 90 isolates presented the drug resistance to AMB. Genotype C was more resistant than A and B to FCA, genotype B and C were more resistant than A to ITR, and genotype C was more resistant than A and B to VRC. Conclusions Identifying the distinct drug-resistant spectrum in various genotypes of C. albicans facilitates the analysis of the hospital infections and research on fungal epidemiology and also promotes understanding the relationship between C. albicans infections and their drug resistance. It helps to effectively monitor and control hospital infections of C. albicans.