城市大气污染物排放量公平分配的方法

Study on fair emission permitallocation approach in urban air pollution control

分析了大气污染总量控制规划中公平合理分配各污染源允许排放量的意义。阐明了公平合理分配各污染源允许排放量的方法应具备的条件。提出了基础允许排放量分配法（ＡＰＷ法）和平权允许排放量分配法（Ｂ值法）。剖析了分配平权后剩余环境容量的必要性，并提出了相应的解决方法。指出将ＡＰＷ法、浓度控制法、Ｂ值法和平权后剩余环境容量分配法相结合确定各污染源的应该允许排放量将有助于总量控制规划方案的顺利实施，有效地控制污染、改善环境，使经济得以持续发展。

Fair and reasonable emission permits allocation among polluters is key issue in total emission control, which is an effective pollution control strategy with regional pollution control costs minimized. An approach that is divided into four steps to allocate total emission permits in urban air pollution control is advanced. Firstly, to determine each polluter's basic allowable emissions based on pollution source's properties and its location's environmental quality requirements. Then, to calculate each polluter's equal right allowable emissions by applying the method named as Bvalue method. Next, iteration method is used to allocate the surplus permits resulted from the last step's allocation. Finally, to determine the deserved emission permits of each polluter in accordance with the results obtained in the abovementioned three steps.