溴氰菊酯在水环境中的降解及对三种水生动物的毒性

Deltamethrin Degradation in Water Environment and Its Toxicity to Three Aquatic Animals

研究了溴氰菊酯在水环境中的降解及溴氰菊酯对隆线蚤、凡纳对虾、奥利亚罗非鱼的急性毒性。试验结果：溴氰菊酯在试验中的回收率为90．18％～96．58％；40．0μg／L的溴氰菊酯在静止、无底泥的水环境中的消除半衰期为9．43h；溴氰菊酯对平均体重4．6g凡纳对虾的96hLC50为0．0714，初生隆线蚤的24hLC50为0．2203，体重70±5．0g的罗非鱼的96hLC50为29．5μg／L。结果表明：高浓度的溴氰菊酯在水环境中极易降解，而低浓度的溴氰菊酯存在时间较长；三种试验动物中，凡纳对虾对溴氰菊酯的敏感性最强，隆线蚤较弱，而罗非鱼的96hLC50值最高；根据毒性分级标准，溴氰菊酯属于极高毒农药。

Dehamethrin degradation in water environment and its acute toxicity to Daphnia carinata, Litopenaeus vannamai and Oreochromisco aureus were studied. The recovery percentage of deltamethrin was 90.18% - 96.58% in this experiment. Elimination halflife of 40.0μl deltamethrin in quiescent water environment without sediment was 9.43h. 96h LC50 of deltamethrin was 0.0714 on Litopenaeus vannamai with 4.6g in average body weight, 24h LC50 was 0.2203 on Daphnia carinata and 96h LC50 was 29.51 μg/1 of Oreocbromisco amens with 70-5.0g in average body weight. The results indicated that high deltamethrin degraded easily, but low one needed longer time in water environment. Among the three experimental animals, Litopenaeus vannamai showed the most sensitivity and Daphnia carinata was less, but 96h LC50 of Oreochromisco aureus was 29.51μg/l which was the highest. According to the toxicity rating criteria, deltamethrin was high toxic pesticide.