泌尿道医院感染的病原菌分布与耐药性分析

Distribution and antibiotic-resistance of pathogens in urinary tract hospital infection

目的探讨泌尿道医院感染的病原菌分布、耐药性，研究泌尿道感染的预防措施。方法监测2005～2008年普通病房和重症监护病房（ICU）患者泌尿道医院感染尿标本分离的病原菌和药物敏感试验。结果2005～2008年普通病房和ICU共分离出病原菌193株，排在前4位依次是大肠埃希菌49株、粪肠球菌45株、白色假丝酵母菌36株、肺炎克雷伯菌20株，占总菌株77．72％。其中G‘杆菌对亚胺培南敏感、G^＋球菌对万古霉素敏感，对其他抗菌药物耐药性均较高。结论泌尿道医院感染病原菌的耐药性较高，有必要对留置导尿管患者采取积极的、正确的预防感染措施。

Objective To investigate distribution and antibiotic - resistance status of pathogens in urinary tract infection to study preventive measures for urinary tract hospital infection. Methods Pathogens were collected from patients with urinary tract hospital infection in ICU and common wards of our hospital during 2005 to 2008. The features of distribution and antibiotic - resistance were statistically summarized. Results A total of 193 strains of pathogens were isolated from patients with urinary tract hospital infection in ICU and common wards. The first 4 pathogens were Escherichia coli （49 strains）, Enterococcus faecalis （45 strains）, Candida albicans （36 strains） and Klebsiella pneumoniae （20 strains） by turns, accounted for 77.72%. The drug resistant rates were higher to the most of antibiotics. But the resistant rate of Gram - negative bacilli to imipenem was lower, and the rate of Gram - positive cocci to vancomycin was also lower. Conclusion The resistant rates were higher to the most of antibiotics, so it is necessary to take the initiative to adopt correctly preventive measures for patients with kept - canal in urinary tract.