农作物品种稳产性及其参数表征探讨

The Character Research of Yield Stability of Different Varieties and Its Parameter

稳产性是农作物品种产量的行为特性，亦是农学意义上的重要标志之一。基于“品种—环境”互作作为稳产性表现机理的认识，在分析了环境时空要素不同性质的基础上，明确稳产性内涵包括：①取决于量的预知度和人为调控度较高的“土—肥—水”为主诸土壤环境要素的农艺型稳产性；②取决于随机性大和人为调控度甚微的“光—温—气”为主诸气候环境要素的适应型稳产性。前者侧重农学意义，后者侧重生物学意义。农作物品种区试数据分析中，各品种与地点、年份互作变异系数iCVvu，iCVvw分别作为表征农艺型稳产性和适应型稳产性的主要统计参数，在理想稳产性品种丰产性突出的前题下，应用时具有较大的iCVvu与较小的iCVvw，以量定性。本文以河北省1988～1989年常规棉区试为例，演示稳产性分析过程。

Yield stability is the main character of crops. Based on the knowledge about the interactions of 'variety-environments' as the behavior of yield stability, the contents of yieId stability was made clear as the following after the time and space of different environment quality being analyzed: 1) yield stability is determined by the soil enviaret factors that we can predict and control more such as 'soil-fertilizer-water',which is agronomy stability. 2) yield stability is determined by the universe environment factors that we can predict and control less such as 'light-temperature-air', which is the adoption stability. The first one stresses on agronomywhile the second stresses on biology. During the statistic analysis of crop data, the coefficient variations of interactions between varieties and location, year iCVvu, iCVvw are the main statistic paramters of agronomy stability and adoption sability, respectively. The ideal yield stability vareties should have higher iCVvu and lower iCVvw under the precondition of high yield. This paper shows the analysis procedure of yield stability with the data from normal cotton test area of 1988 ~ 1989 in Hebei.