摘要
本文在培肥地力、节水高产栽培条件下,定点重复试验3年,研究了不同品种冬小麦吸收积累三要素的动态规律及其最终的详细分配。结果表明:每生产100kg籽粒需吸收N、P2O5和K2O的量,高效型品种分别为2.815kg、1.067kg、2.804kg,三者比例为2.64∶1∶2.63,低效型品种分别为3.536kg、1.521kg和3.464kg,三者比例为2.32∶1∶2.28。N和K2O的吸收强度高峰值出现在拔节至挑旗阶段,分别达到211.75g/亩·日和233.06g/亩·日,但积累最高值在起身至拔节阶段,分别占总积累量的29.00%和30.89%;而P2O5吸收强度高峰值89.10g/亩·日,则出现在挑旗至开花阶段,但积累最高值为拔节至挑旗阶段,占总积累量的22.88%。至开花时,三要素积累分别占总积累量的83.05%、69.47%和88.15%。三要素最终分配到籽粒、茎杆、叶片和叶鞘中的比率:氮依次为74.01%、7.57%、8.82%和5.21%;磷依次为82.70%、3.70%、5.95%和2.75%;钾依次为16.22%、43.41%、10.79%和20.33%。
The experiment had been conducted for three years in succession at the fixed locations under the condition of the fertile soil,water saving and high yield.Several winter wheat cultivars were rsed for investigating the absorption,accumulation and distribution of N.P.K. in wheat plant.It was found that the amount of nutrients absorbed by plants per 100kg grain was 2.815kg N,1.067kg P 2O 5and 2.804kg K 2O,and the ratio of N∶P 2O 5∶K 2O was 2.64∶1∶2.63 for the cultivar type of high utilization efficiency.Meanwhile,3.536kg N,1.521kg P 2O 5 and 3.464kg K 2O,whose ratio was 2.32∶1∶ 2.28 ,were needed per 100kg grain by the wheat plant of the cultivar type of low utilization efficiency,The maximum absorption rate of N and K 2O were 211.75g·mu -1 ·day -1 and 233.06g·mu -1 ·day -1 respectively in the periods of jointing to booting.The phasic accumulation of N and K 2O reached the peak in the periods of getting up to jointing,with 29.00% and 30.89% of the total accumulation respectively.As for P 2O 5,the maximum absorption rate,89.10g·mu -1 ·day -1 ,occurred in the periods of booting to flowering and the maximum phasic accumulation,22.88% of the total accumulation,took place in the periods of jointing to booting.At flowering,the accumulation of N, P 2O 5 and K 2O accounted for 83.05%,69.47%and 88.15% of the total accumulation respectively.At maturity the percentage of N distributed in grain,stem,leaf blade and sheath was 74.01%,7.57%,8.82%and 5.21%;the percentage of P 2O 5 distributed in the parts mentioned above was 82.70%,3.70%,5.95% and 2.75%;and the percentage of K 2O in the corresponding parts was 16.22%,43.41%,10.79% and 20.33% respectively.
出处
《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》
CSCD
1998年第3期301-312,共12页
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University:Natural Science Edition
关键词
冬小麦
品种
氮磷钾
吸收积累
分配规律
winter wheat
water saving and high yield cultivation
cultivar
nitrogen
phosphorus and potassium absorption
accumulation and distribruion