用于古建筑琉璃瓦保护的高分子聚合物材料的分析研究

Analysis and testing of the organic-coatings for the conservation of architectural glazed tiles

为探索高分子聚合物用于古建筑琉璃瓦的保护研究,采用所选择的9种有机高分子聚合物对现代黄釉琉璃瓦进行保护处理,分析保护材料的耐光性能及保护后琉璃瓦的憎水性、耐冻融性和化学稳定性等性能,同时选择性能较好的材料用于胎体酥粉古琉璃瓦的保护,分析憎水性、耐冻融性、耐折、抗压强度、透气性以及进行保护机理研究。结果表明,保护材料丙烯酸类材料的Prim al SF和B72耐光性能较差;用于现代琉璃瓦保护的Prim al SF憎水性和耐冻融性较差;有机硅的耐酸碱性较差;聚氨酯和硅丙乳液的憎水性和耐碱性能较差;氟碳清漆、氟树脂和复配材料的各项性能相对较好;含氟聚合物及其氟树脂为主的复配材料用于胎体酥粉古琉璃瓦保护的憎水性、耐冻融性、耐折、抗压强度和透气性等性能相对较好,保护材料以良好的渗透能力渗入古琉璃胎体内部,有效提高胎体强度,起到填充空隙和防止水分破坏的作用。综合几项指标,含氟聚合物及其复配材料的各种性能优良,为选择中国古建筑琉璃瓦的保护材料提供科学依据。

A variety of materials were examined in order to find most suitable organic coatings for the protection of architectural glazed tiles. Properties such as light stability of the protective materials, hydrophobicity, freeze - thaw resistance and chemical stability were tested on new yellow glazed tiles. The optimum polymers were chosen and properties such as hydrophobicity, freeze -thaw resistance,the bending and compressive strength as well as permeability for the weak architectural glazed tiles were tested. The results showed that the light - stability of the protective materials Primal SF and B72 were poor, the hydrophobicity and freeze - thaw resistance of Primal SF was poor, and exert a hydrophobic effect. In conclusion, fluorine resin and materials composed mainly of the fluorine resin have excellent performance and should be widely employed as protective materials in the conservation of architectural glazed tiles.