一门馆藏明天启四年红夷大炮的探讨

Research on the Dutch-style cannon with inscription Year Four of Tianqi preserved in Quanzhou Maritime Museum

泉州海外交通史博物馆藏的一门明天启四年红夷大炮是我国保存下来的最早自铸的红夷大炮之一。为了对其铭文、长度、重量、铸造地点和工艺作深入探讨,采用金相显微镜、Vario El元素分析仪、电感耦合等离子体发射(ICP-AES)检测手段,对此炮进行了金相和成分分析。结果表明,泉州明天启四年红夷大炮为灰口铁铸造,其锈蚀程度较轻的原因需结合保存环境和材质本身进行深入研究。

This paper provides a detailed discussion on the inscriptions,length,weight and manufacturing location of the Dutch - style cannons dated from the 4th year during the Tianqi Emperor＇s reign （A. D. 1621 - 1627） of the Ming Dynasty,which is now displayed in Quanzhou Maritime Museum. The cannon is one of the earliest existing Dutch style cannons produced by the Chinese people. Analytical methods such as the metallographic microscope, Vario E1 element analysis system and ICP - AES were employed. The conclusion is that the cannon is made of gray cast iron and their slight rusting condition can be attributed to the quality of the metal and the conservation environment.