《尼各马可伦理学》与《道德原则研究》伦理思想的几点比较

Comparison Between Nicomachean Ethics and Concerning Principles of Morals on Ethical Thoughts

《尼各马可伦理学》和《道德原则研究》是关于伦理学的两个经验性读本。但是,与休谟哲学相比,亚里士多德哲学有着浓厚的形而上学特质,这使得两人讨论伦理学问题的方法既有共同点,也有差异之处,从而最终导致两人在许多具体问题的看法上,有着诸多可比较之处。本文在分析这两本著作的基本方法的异同之处的基础上,试图对两人关于以下两个问题的看法作些比较性的分析:一、关于理性在道德中的作用和道德评价的最终依据;二、对一般"法"与具体案例的冲突的解决方法。

Nichomachen Ethics and Concerning the Principles of Morals are two empirical readings on Ethics, but compared with Humean Philosophy, Aristotelian philosophy was filled with metaphysical characteristics. Therefore,their discussions on ethics have both similarities and differences so that their ideas on many concrete issues can be compared. Based on the similarities and differences on fundamental methods from this two books,this paper tries to make a comparative analysis on ideas of two issues by Hume and Aristotle, one is about the role of reason in morality and the ultimate criterion of moral evaluation,and the other is about the resolution of the controversies of general ‘law＇ and concrete circumstances.