渤海曹妃甸深水港老龙沟潮流通道稳定性研究——数字海洋技术的应用

The stability of Laolonggou tidal channel analysis based on digital ocean information technology

主要应用数字海洋技术,对曹妃甸港区25万吨级矿石码头建成后的东侧老龙沟潮流通道的冲淤变化进行了研究。集曹妃甸地区1953-2006年多期海图资料,在地理信息系统软件ArcGIS支持下,对老龙沟潮流通道不同时期0m、5m和10m等深线进行叠加对比分析;以DEM模型为载体,综合1979-2005年曹妃甸地区多时相、多分辨率遥感影像与水下地形信息解译的结果,并与1997年老龙沟实测断面水深测量数据对比分析,获得老龙沟潮流通道的冲淤演变趋势:近50年来老龙沟口门宽度未发生明显变化;深槽位置基本未变,稳定性较好。局部地区有冲淤变化,老龙沟西北侧潮滩有明显的淤进,尾端向西偏移,潮流通道尾端(向陆侧)10m等深线有2～2.5m的浅滩变浅趋势,但基本处于微冲或微淤的动态平衡之中。1953-1986年以淤积为主,淤积量为30.2×107m3,冲刷量为3.1×107m3,年均淤积速率为3.7cm/a。1983-2006年以冲刷为主,冲刷量为11.4×107m3,淤积量为9.4×107m3,年均冲刷速率为0.35cm/a。该研究结果能为曹妃甸港区规划和唐山港的进一步发展提供保证,对沿海潮汐通道的保护利用以及港口工业的发展具有重要的借鉴意义。

The stability of Laolonggou tidal channel is studied after the muti-250,000 ton level ore port built based on the application of digital ocean information technology （1） Using multi-time chart data of the area of Caofeidian between 1953 and 2006, we has processed the isobath of 0m, 5m and 10m in the area of Laolonggou tidal channel with the method of addition and correction based on ArcGIS; （2） The evolution trend of siltation and erosion of Laolonggou tidal channel is obtained based on DEM model and multi-temporal, multi-resolution remote sensing images collected between 1979 and 2005 as well as the result of the interpretation of bottom topography, and the comparison between the above data and the bathymetric data of measured profile of Laolonggou tidal channel. The result of the analysis shows that although the tidal channel mouth moved toward WS at the speed of 17m/a, it still has kept a stable width in the recent 50 years and tidal passages have not changed the paths. Main ebb tidal passage has swung toward West in the speed of 14.2m/a, 10m isobath at the end of the tidal channel shows shoal tendency of a degree of 2-2.5m. In 1953-1986 Laolonggou tidal channel was mainly siltation, the siltation amount was 30.2×10^7m^3, the erosion amount was 3.1×10^7m^3and the annual net siltation velocity was 3.7 cm/a. In 1986-2005 Laolonggou tidal channel was mainly erosion, the erosion amount was 11.4×10^7m^3, the siltation amount was 9.4×10^7m^3 and the annual net erosion velocity was 0.35 cm/a. Laolonggou inlet has relative advantages of water depth and stability for sub-port building and can keep stable for a long time through strengthening barriers and maintaining tidal area. Above research result will provide guarantee for the management and development of Caofeidian Port, which plays an important role in the protection of tidal channel along the coast as well as the development of the port industry.