黄淮海地区耕地资源价值核算

The value accounting of cultivated land resources in Huang-huai-hai Region

耕地是人类赖以生存和发展的基础,也是一个国家富强稳定的基本保证。由于耕地经营经济收入远不能体现耕地资源应有的价值,我国农业生产经济收入的低效性,农民缺乏粮食生产的积极性,耕地资源数量减少速度迅速,严重影响我国粮食安全和区域社会稳定。文中根据耕地资源的经济功能,生态功能和社会功能采用市场价值法、恢复费用法和机会成本法等客观计算黄淮海地区耕地资源价值。黄淮海地区耕地资源价值研究结果表明:耕地资源经济价值最小,仅占耕地资源总价值的15.83%,生态价值其次,社会价值最大,且其经济价值、生态价值和社会价值的比大约是1:2:3,因此耕地资源现市场价值远不能完全体现耕地资源价值;虽然各地耕地经济价值,耕地生态价值和耕地社会价值所占耕地价值的比例大致相同,但是各地的情况有着各自的差别,地区耕地面积越大对区域生态维护功能和社会稳定和保障功能所做的贡献越大,因此政府应通过宏观调控手段对耕地资源的公共物品性质的价值进行经济补偿,以促进地区发展公平。文中的研究为合理确定黄淮海地区耕地资源的真实价值提供科学依据,对维护市场等价交换交易,激励农民自觉经营生产和保护耕地,维护农民利益和促进区域农业经济的健康稳定发展有一定现实意义。

This research calculated the value of cultivated land resources in Huang - huai- hai region based on the economic, ecological and social functions of the cultivated land resource with the method of market cost approach, restoration cost approach and opportunity cost approach. The results showed that： the economic value of cultivated land resource is the smallest, only takes up 15.83% of the total value of cultivated land resources, followed by the ecological value, and the social value is the greatest ; the ratio of economic, ecological and social values is about 1：2：3, so the economic value of cultivated land cant fully reflect the due value of cultivated land resources; Although the ratios of economic, ecological and soeial values to the total value of cultivated land resource are roughly same, the situation in various parts have their own differences, and the greater the cultivated land area ： the greater the contribution of keeping region ecological and social stability guarantee function is therefore, the government should compensate the economic value of their cultivated land with public good characteristics by adopting macro-control means to promote the regional development fairness. The research in the paper provides a scientific basis in rationally determining the true value of cultivated land in Huang - huai - hai Region, and has some practical significance in maintaining the market equivalent exchange transactions, encouraging farmers to manage and protect the cultivated land on their own initiatives, safeguarding the interests of farmers and promoting regional agricultural economy healthy and stable development.