绵羊、山羊对不同粗饲料纤维的消化和瘤胃消化动态学的比较研究

Comparative Study on Fibre Digestion and Rumen Digestion Dynamics in Small Ruminants Fed Various Low Quality Roughage

采用安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的纯种辽宁绒山羊和东北细毛羊各３只，通过２×３析因试验设计，在低水平补饲、自由采食粗饲料的条件下，比较研究了羊草、玉米秸秆和杨树叶３种多纤维粗饲料在饲喂山羊和绵羊时的养分消化代谢和消化动态特点。结果表明，山羊的自由采食量、干物质、表观消化率和瘤胃池量均高于绵羊（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。山羊对纤维，特别是对木质素的表观消化率也高于绵羊（Ｐ＜０．０１），并且山羊瘤胃的食糜流通率（ＦＯＲ）低于绵羊，食糜滞留时间（ＲＲＴ）长于绵羊（Ｐ＜０．０１），但山羊液体食糜流通速度（ＬＦＯＶ）低于绵羊（Ｐ＜０．０１），而固体食糜流通速度（ＳＦＯＶ）则高于绵羊（Ｐ＜０．０３）。日粮间干物质、有机物及纤维表观消化率差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。不同羊种采食不同粗饲料时，对于采食量和消化率存在着羊种与饲料种类间的互作效应。

A 2×3 factorial experiment was carried out to study the effects of different roughage on digestion and metabolism, digestion dynamics of goat and sheep. The results showed that goat had greater voluntary feed intake, greater apparent DM digestibility and larger rumen pool of DM and liquid (W 0.75 ) than sheep(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Goat also had greater apparent digestibility of fibre, especially of lignin(P<0.01). Rumen fractional outflow rate (FOR,%) of liquid and DM were lower significantly in goat than sheep. So goat had longer rumen retention time (RRT,h)(P<0.01). While goat had lower Rumen fractional outflow velocity (FOV,g/h or L/h ) of liquid(P<0.03), but higher FOV of DM. Digestibility of DM ,OM and fibre in three diets had significantly different(P<0.05 or P<0.01). However, there was a significant interaction between species and diets in feed intake and apparent digestibility of nutrient, and digestion dynamics parameter.