高中语文教材中的“三字”问题探讨

The Discussion of "Three Characters" in Chinese Textbook of Senior Middle School

一些中学教材编写者不分"三字"即通假、古今与异体字,不明其判断原则,故教材注释中大多都以通假视之,错误百出。文章主要以刘兴均的理论为基础,对2004年经全国中小学教材审定委员会审定通过的普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修本(共五册)中存在的"三字"现象进行分析,指出古今字、通假字和异体字在语音方面都是相同或相近的,所以在判别三者时,不能从语音方面着手,否则就会乱成一团麻,只能从形体和意义这两个角度去判定"三字",才能达到定义要准确、定称要确定的科学要求,编写出高质量的教材。

The compiler of the textbook in some secondary school ignores the difference of the ＂Three words＂ that is Tongjia words, Old words and Variant characters. They do not know the principle of the judgment. So many mistakes are made in the majority of teaching notes.The article based on the theory of the Liu Xingjun,and the analyses of the ＂Three words＂ have been made mainly in primary and secondary schools in 2004 passed by curriculum standards of the National Textbook Evaluation Committee （a total of five）, and pointed out that the old word,Tongjia and variant words are the stone or similar, so judging them can not be proceed from the pronunciation. It should be determined from shape and meaning in order to achieve the accurate definition of them.