小儿哮喘的研究进展

Research Progress in Pediatric Asthma

婴幼儿哮喘是以中性粒细胞为呼吸道的主要炎性细胞，有肥大细胞和嗜酸粒细胞参与为主的呼吸道慢性过敏性炎症。婴幼儿哮喘包括过敏体质或非过敏体质、与病毒感染相关的哮喘，但尚无好的方法预测是否为持续性哮喘。若哮喘对常规治疗反应差或持续时间达4周以上，应注意排除其他原因引起的哮喘。合并上呼吸道感染的短期应用吸入激素可减少哮喘的发生。吸入糖皮质激素可有效减少哮喘的发作。

In Infant asthma, the airway inflammatory cell is mainly for the neutrophilic granulocyte, but labrocyte and acidoeyte also participate in its chronic allergic inflammation in airway. Children asthma present in hypersensitiveness constitution, non-hypersensitiveness constitution, and related to viral infection. It has no good method for estimation of persistent asthma so far. If routine treatment had no good effects on the asthma children during four weeks or longer, the other reasons should be considered. Glucocortieoid not only decrease asthmatic incidence in earlier period of upper respiratory infection but also degrade to asthmatic attack in high-risk group.