环境因素对番茄单叶净光合速率的影响

Effect of Environment Factors on the Net Photosynthesis Rate of Tomato Leaf Blade

论述了环境与番茄净光合速率间的关系及番茄净光合速率的日变化规律，在日光温室番茄光饱和点和补偿点范围内的光光合曲线呈直角双曲线型，光饱和点为１３６１．４９μｍｏｌ·ｓ－１·ｍ－２，光补偿点为３７．０５μｍｏｌ·ｓ－１·ｍ－２，最大净光速率为１７．７０ｍｇＣＯ２·ｄｍ－２·ｈ－１。番茄在７～５０℃之间均有净光合，其温度光合曲线呈抛物线型，且光合作用适宜温度范围为２４～３４℃，最适温度为２６～３２℃。光照度在１０２３．７５μｍｏｌ·ｓ－１·ｍ－２时，ＣＯ２饱和点为１９２５μＬ·Ｌ－１；光照度在５２６．５μｍｏｌ·ｓ－１·ｍ－２时，ＣＯ２饱和点为１７１８μＬ·Ｌ－１；光照度在３１２μｍｏｌ·ｓ－１·ｍ－２时，ＣＯ２饱和点为１７２１μＬ·Ｌ－１，但ＣＯ２补偿点为５７．１～７１．７μＬ·Ｌ－１，不同光照度间差异不大。番茄净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线，但中午时的“午体现象”不明显。在正常的生产条件下，ＣＯ２浓度乃是经常的限制因子。因此，生产上人工施用ＣＯ２对提高番茄产量具有重要意义。

In this paper the relationship between environment and the net photosynthesis rate of tomato(NPET)and the daily change rules of NPRT are discussed.It is considered that when the light is between light saturation point and compensation point of tomato,its light photosynthesis curve appears to be a right angle hyperbola;the light saturation point is 1661.49 μ mol·s -1 ·m -2 ,the light compensation point is 37.05 μ mol·s -1 ·m -2 and the maximum NPRT is 17.70mgCO 2·dm -2 ·h -1 .At the temperature of 7～50℃,tomato has positive net photosynthesis,and its temperature photosynthesis curve appears to be a parabola.The suitable temperature for photosynthesis ranges from 24 to 34℃,but the optimum temperature is 26～32℃。When the illuminance is 1023.75 μ mol·s -1 ·m -2 ,the CO 2 saturation point is 1925 μ L·L -1 ;when the illuminace is 526.5 μ mol·s -1 ·m -2 and 312 μ mol·s -1 ·m -2 ,the CO 2 saturation point is 1718 μ L·L -1 and 1721 μ L·L -1 respectively,but the CO 2 compensation point is 57.1～71.7 μ L·L -1 ,with little difference at different illuminance.The daily change of NPRT appears to be a two peak cuve,concentration is always a restricting factor,therefore,artificial addition of CO 2 is of great sinificance in improvement of yield.