北京市郊区青春期少年植酸摄入量及其与钙铁锌的摩尔比值研究

Phytate intake and molar ratios of phytate to zinc,iron and calcium in the diets of rural adolescents

目的通过调查农村青春期少年植酸的摄入量及其与钙、铁、锌的摩尔比值,评价其植酸摄入水平,为改善青少年对矿物质的吸收利用提供依据。方法随机选取北京市怀柔区某学校11～16岁中学生304人(男154人、女150人),采用连续3d24h回顾法进行膳食调查,并根据不同食物含量计算植酸及钙、铁、锌的摄入量。结果农村青春期少年植酸摄入量为620.5mg/d(男生670.0mg/d,女生569.6mg/d),性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。植酸与钙、铁、锌的摩尔比值分别为0.1、2.1、4.4,植酸×钙/锌为34.9,性别差异无统计学意义。结论农村青春期少年植酸摄入量低于2002年全国平均水平和其他发展中国家水平,但高于西方发达国家水平,其摄入量可能会影响机体对钙、铁、锌的吸收。

Objective To investigate the phytate intake and molar ratios of phytate to calcium, iron and zinc in the diets of rural adolescents so as to provide an evidence for improving their nutriments. Methods A total of 304 students aged 11 to 16 years （154 boys and 150 girls） were selected randomly from a middle school of Huairou District, Beijing. The data of dietary intakes were collected by using the 24 - hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days by trained interviewers. The intake of phytate, calcium, iron and zinc daily was calculated according to the dietary data. Results The median dietary intake of phytate was 620.5 rng/d, and there was a significant difference between boys and girls （670.0 vs. 569.6 mg/d）. The median molar ratios of phytate to calcium, iron, zinc and phytate × calcium/zinc were 0.10, 2.1, 4.4 and 34.9, respectively, with no differences between boys and girls. Conclusions The dietary phytate intake of rural adolescents was higher than those in Western developed countries and lower than those in developing countries and the average of whole Chinese in 2002. Phytate may influence the bioavailability of calcium, iron and zinc in the diets of adolescents.