中国东北地区白桦林植被生态学的研究──桦属植物与中国白桦林的地理分布

Vegetation Ecology on Communities Dominated by Betula Platyphylla in Northeast of ChinaDistribution of Communities Dominated by Betula Platyphylla

阐明了桦属植物在中国的地理分布特点，白桦（ＢｅｔｕｌａｐｌａｔｙｐｈｙｌａＳｕｋ．）的分类学位置及分布，以白桦及其变种为优势种的森林植被的水平与垂直分布；分析了桦属植物在全球范围内组成植被的特征：①桦属狭域种是北方林线的重要组分．②桦属植物是植被动态中比较活跃的组分，表现为桦属植物多是次生植被的先锋组分，多为超地带性植被的组分，桦属广域分布种多是植被交错区的组分．

On the basis of reviewing related literature, the geographical distribution of Betula genus in China, the taxonamic position and distribution of Betula platyphylla Suk., the horizontal and vertical distribution of the forest vegetation dominated by Betula platyphylla Suk.and its variations were discussed in this paper.The properties of the vegetation composed of Betula genus all over the world was analyzed.The results showed that: Betula genus ①is the fundamental component of north forests;②Betula genus is the active component in vegetation dynamics, Betula genus plants are always the pioneer component of secondary vegetation, cross climation zone component, and the wide distribution species of the genus are always the components of vegetation in transition area.