红富士苹果套袋果实色泽与激素含量的变化

Effects of Bagging on Color and Hormone Centents in Apple Fruits

套袋红富士苹果摘袋以后，花青苷含量迅速升高，摘袋后８ｄ，花青苷含量上升到最高值，直至摘袋２０ｄ后采收时，基本维持在较高水平；而对照果实，花青苷含量明显较低，呈缓慢增长的变化趋势。套袋果摘袋后果皮叶绿素含量虽有所增加，但始终比对照果低。摘袋果后期果实及种子的乙烯生成量明显较对照果高；种子中乙烯的合成高峰比果实出现早且生成量大；摘袋后第８天，种子内乙烯生成量已高于对照，１２ｄ到达高峰值；整果乙烯生成量出现差异的时间比种子晚。在摘袋后第４、８天，种子内脱落酸含量已明显高于对照，第８天达含量高峰，与果皮花青苷含量达到高峰的时期一致。套袋果摘袋以后，果皮赤霉素含量迅速增加，之后逐渐下降。摘袋后第４天和第８天，处理果的种子、果皮及果肉中细胞分裂素含量均较对照果高。

After removal of the apple fruit bags,red color of fruits developed rapidly,and the degree of coloring exceeded that of control fruits 8 days after debagging.On the 8th day of bag removal,fruit anthocyanin showed a peak and kept at a high level until harvest.Chlorophyll content became much lower because of bagging.Therefore,the final color of bagged fruits was brighter and redder.Ethylene production by seeds increased gradually after bag removal.The peak appeared first on the 8th day.There was a positive correlation between ethylene production by seeds and anthocyanin accumulation(r=0.7646 *).The concentration of abscisic acid(ABA)in seeds of bagged fruit was higher than that of control fruit,especially on the 4th and 8th day.It is suggested that ABA is one of the key factors in controlling the formation of anthocyanin.The formation of fruit color may be stimulated by ethylene,and the production of which in turn is evoked by endogenous ABA. Gibberellin (GA 1,3 )content of fruit skin increased sharply on the 4th day after debagging,then decreased gradually.Cytokinin(iPA,ZRs)contents in seeds,flesh and skin of bagged fruit on the 4th and 8th days were higher than that in control fruit.On the basis of the results,the conclusion can be made that bagging of the fruit can stimulate the development of red color after bag′s removal.Ethylene and ABA played an important role in the processes of red color development.Cytokinin and GA 1,3 may also be involved in the coloring of fruit.