氯霉素在草鱼和复合四倍体异育银鲫体内的比较药代动力学

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Chloramphenicol in Grass Carp and Multiple Tetraploid Allogynogenetic Crucian Carp

研究并比较了给草鱼和复合四倍体异育银鲫（简称高倍体鲫鱼）单次腹腔注射氯霉素１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ后的药代动力学特征。采用ＨＰＬＣ测定血液中氯霉素的浓度。试验期间水温为（２０±２）℃。结果表明，氯霉素在这２种鱼体内的处置过程相似，均可用带一级吸收的二室开放模型进行描述；药物从腹腔吸收迅速，给药后分别在０．９２ｈ和０．６３ｈ血中浓度达到高峰，无吸收时滞；在草鱼和高倍体鲫鱼体内药物的ｔ１２β相近，分别为１１．９ｈ和１１．１ｈ，但体清除率（ＣｌＢ）相差较大；氯霉素在高倍体鲫鱼体内比在草鱼体内有更强的亲组织性，总表观分布容积（Ｖｄ）分别为２．０７和１．２０Ｌ／ｋｇ。

Pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol (CAP) was measured and compared in grass carp and multiple tetraploid allogynogenetic crucian carp (short for crucian carp) following a single intraperitoneal injection at a dosage of 100 mg/kg. Serum CAP concentration was determined by HPLC. Water temperature maintained at (20±2)℃ in all experiments. The results showed that CAP had a similar composite kinetic in both fish. Serum concentrations of CAP in both fish were best described by a two compartment open model with first order absorption. CAP can be absorbed from abdominal cavity rapidly, there was no lag time before absorption. It reached peak concentration at 0.917 h after administration in grass carp and 0.634 h in crucian carp respectively. The t 12β of CAP were 11.9 h and 11.1 h in grass carp and crucian carp, respectively. A significant difference in Cl B was observed. The larger Vd of CAP in crucian carp than in grass carp indicated that the CAP possessed a higher organotrophy in crucian carp.