护理人员参加汶川地震现场救援体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Nursing Experiences of Wenchuan Earthquake Rescues

目的了解护士在"5.12"汶川地震现场救援中的真实感受和体验,为灾害护理教育课程设置提供依据。方法运用Gadamer的哲学诠释论,对20名参加过"5.12"汶川地震现场救援的护士进行访谈,其中10名采用个人深度访谈,10名采用焦点团体访谈方式。对获取的资料分析、整理,归纳主题。结果归纳出3个关于护士现场救援体验的主题,分别为:(1)在救援中的情绪变化;(2)遇到的主要困难和压力;(3)应对困难和压力的策略。结论护士在救援中遭遇了各种困难和压力,暴露了我国在灾害护理教育和培训方面的欠缺,急需加强相关建设以促进灾害护理学的发展。

Objective To understand the nursing experiences in the earthquake relief that may be contributive to the nursing curriculum development on disaster nursing in China. Methods Twen- ty nurses who participated in the earthquake rescues were interviewed with Gadamer＇s philosophical hermeneutics to interpret their nursing experiences. The data were collected through face-to- face in-depth interviews in 10 nurses and a focus group discussion in another 10 nurses. Thematic analysis based on Gadamer＇s philosophical hermeneutics framework was used for data interpretation by analysis and management. Results Three themes were identified and described as emotional reactions, perceived difficulties and distresses, coping strategies. Conclusion Nurses who participated in the earthquake relief experienced strong emotional reactions, stresses and frustrations in undertaking rescuing practice in the field when confronting the mass casualties in the earthquake due to the lack of disaster nursing preparation. The relevant work should be intensified to promote the development of disaster nursing.