北京市某社区老年人群流感疫苗接种的效果观察

Investigation on Effects of Influenza Vaccination in Elderly Population in a Community in Beijing

目的调查北京市某社区老年人接种流感疫苗的效果。方法选取2007年10-12月387例接种流感疫苗的北京市某社区老年人为接种组,同时选取该社区年龄、性别、疾病等相匹配的未接种流感疫苗的380例老年人为对照组,进行基线调查,并于接种疫苗后1个月、3个月和6个月进行随访,观察两组人群流感样疾病、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病等系统性疾病的发生情况。结果接种组流感样疾病的发病率和就诊率与对照组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),接种后1个月、3个月和6个月对流感样疾病的保护率分别为49.4%、44.6%和36.7%;减少就诊率分别为37.4%、32.7%和28.4%。接种组系统疾病发生率及就诊率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。结论接种流感疫苗能明显减少老年人流感样疾病的发生率和就诊率,具有较好的保护性。

Objective To investigate the effects of influenza vaccination in the elderly population in a community in Beijing. Methods A total of 387 elderly people in a community in Beijing were chosen as the vaccination group from Oct. to Dec. 2007. Three hundred and eighty people of the matching age, gender and conditions without vaccination were chosen as the control group. The morbidity of chronic systemic diseases including influenza-like illnesses, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes in the two groups were investigated at baseline and after first, third, sixth month after inoculation of influenza vaccine. Results The incidence of influenza-like illness in the vaccination group was significantly lower than that of control group（P〈0.05）. The protection rates after first,third,sixth month after inoculation of influenza vaccine were 49.4% ,44.6% and 36.7% respectively,and the reduced consultation rates were 37.4%, 32.7% and 28. 4% respectively. The differences in the morbidity of chronic systemic diseases and consultation rate in the two groups showed no significance. Conclusion Influenza vaccine inoculation could obviously reduce the incidence of influenza-like illness in the elderly population and provide preferable protection.