分娩方式对乙型肝炎病毒母婴垂直传播的影响

Effect of Delivery Mode on Maternal-infant Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

目的:探讨不同分娩方式对阻断乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)母婴垂直传播的影响。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法和聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测218例乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性孕妇及其分娩的218例新生儿静脉血,218例新生儿根据分娩方式的不同分为阴道组、剖宫产组。以6月龄时,HBsAg阳性及乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV DNA)作为垂直感染的指标,比较两组新生儿感染率。结果:52例阴道分娩产组婴儿有7例发生垂直传播,感染率为13.4%;166例剖宫产组婴儿有1例发生了垂直传播,感染率为0.6%,两组婴儿感染率有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:婴儿垂直传播感染HBV与分娩方式单因数分析结果显示,剖宫产比阴道产可以降低HBV的母婴垂直传播。

Objective：To evaluate the effect of delivery mode on maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus. Methods： A total of 218 mothers with positive （HBsAg） and their babies were tested HBsAg and HBV DNA by （ELISA） and （PCR）. Babies were divided into vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group, then all were followed up 6 months. The incidence of HBV maternal-baby transmission was compared between the two groups. Results： There were 7 positive babies in 52 born by vaginal delivery and 1 positive baby in 166 born by cesarean section. The positive rate of HBsAg was 13.4% and 0.6%. There were significant differences among the two groups （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Cesarean section delivery mode can obviously decrease the maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus.