汶川8.0级地震后中江县水库震害调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Earthquake Damages to Reservoirs in Zhongjiang County During M8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake

汶川8.0级地震对四川省水库造成了严重的震害和巨大的经济损失。依据德阳市水库地震灾害的现场科学考察资料,对德阳市中江县19座高危险情以上的水库土石坝的震损现象做了初步总结和分析。这些震损水库基本上都建于1950-1980年代,未经抗震设计,典型震害现象包括水库坝顶中部及坝轴线两侧纵向裂缝、坝体纵横向裂缝、大坝沉陷、坝坡滑坡和护坡滑动、坝脚渗漏、水库泄水构筑物震损、防浪墙震裂等震害现象。这说明了对中小型水库土石坝进行抗震设防的必要性,今后应深入研究中小型水库土石坝的震害机制,以指导水库土石坝的抗震设计。

M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake resulted in great damages to reservoir dams and caused great economic losses Based on the field investigation of the reservoir characteristics of 19 reservoir earth-rock dams with high dam damages caused by the earthquake in Deyang city, damage risk in this area are summarized and analyzed Most of these dams were constructed in the period from 1950 to 1980, without anti-seismic designs Typical damage phenomena include longitudinal fissures in the center of dam top and on both side of dam axes, transverse fissures of dam body, dam settlements, landslides of dam slopes, slips of slope protection, leakages of dam toes, damage of discharge structures and parapet walls of reservoirs These earthquake damage phenomena indicate the necessity to perform anti-seismic designs for small or moderate reservoir earth-rock dams The study on earthquake damage mechanisms of small or moderate reservoir earth-rock dams should be strengthened aiming at guiding anti-seismic designs for reservoir earth-rock dams