畲族长篇叙事歌谣《高皇歌》的历史文化价值

The Historical and Cultural Value of Long SHE Ethnic Narration Ballad The Song of Gaohuang

畲族人民追忆历史,以歌吟诵;小说故事,以歌讲述;教育孩童,以歌晓志;生产劳动,以歌消累;迎宾送客,以歌相贺;闲暇休息,以歌自娱;相恋嫁娶,以歌为媒;喜庆节日,以歌为荣;丧葬祭祀,以歌致哀;典仪承俗,以歌作乐。尤有即情即景以歌咏物、以歌拆字、以歌猜谜等等,可谓"凡事凡物皆有歌"。若按其词意,我们可把它分为历史传说歌、神话小说歌、生产劳动歌、情歌、对歌、劝世歌、神曲歌、礼俗歌、诉苦歌、常识歌、儿童歌、拆字歌、咏物歌、谜歌、杂歌等15个类型。在这些形式中,《高皇歌》以叙事的方式,追述畲族神话传说"盘瓠"的不平凡来历、平番救国的功绩、弃官隐居广东潮州凤凰山劳作、生息、畲族的来历和不断迁徙的经过等。它是畲族多种形式民歌中的优秀作品。

The Song of Gaohuang is a historical long song of myths and legends oral literature,which recalls and praises the outstanding achievement of SHE ethnic ancestor,and is a piece of classic work on studying the folk songs and origin of SHE ethnic group.The last paragraph of The Song of Gaohuang of every province has mentioned that they moved from Phoenix mountain area in Guangdong,but we can't find the same content in the The Song of Gaohuang of Chaozhou Phoenix Mountain area in Guangdong,which is the strong evidence to identify Phoenix mountain as the ancestral home of SHE group.