HIV母婴阻断及其婴儿预防接种不良反应监测报告

Monitoring of vertical transmission of HIV and adverse reactopms after vaccination in infants

目的评估实施HIV母婴阻断措施婴儿群对预防接种的耐受性。方法为HIV感染孕妇提供综合性母婴阻断措施,将其婴儿设为观察组,母亲HIV阴性婴儿为对照组,对2组婴儿的预防接种不良反应(AEFI)进行统计分析。结果HIV感染孕妇经孕期规范抗病毒治疗后母婴阻断效果明显,其婴儿感染率远低于未治疗者。观察组98名、对照组100名婴儿共接种17种疫苗2428人次,观察组和对照组发生AEFI分别为2.9%和2.1%(P>0.05),其中一般反应分别占75.6%、78,1%,异常反应分别占4.4%和0,偶合症分别占20.0%、21.9%。全身反应以发热为主,局部反应以接种部位无菌性脓肿为主,2组婴儿均无严重预防接种不良反应事件,也没有因接种卡介苗引起的播散性卡介苗病例发生。结论HIV阳性孕妇经综合性HIV母婴阻断措施后其所娩婴儿按国家计划免疫程序进行预防接种是安全的。

Objective To investigate immune tolerance of infants to vaccines after immunication for prevention vertical transmission o HIV from mothers to babies. Methods The babies born by HIV -positives mothers who acepted anti-viral treatment during pregnancy were taken as observation group and those born by HIV- negative mothers were as control group. The babies in both groups were given 17 vaccines including BCG,tetenus,measles,encephalitis B,etc. and the adverse reactions in the babies after vaccination were observed. Results The incidence of adverse reactions in boservation group and control group were 2.9% and 2.1% respectively （P〉0.05） among which 75.6% and 78.1% were common reactions,4.4% and 0 were abnormal reactions,20.0% and 21.9% were coupled reactions. General reaction was mainly fever,while local reaction was mainly aseptic abscesses at the site of inoculation. There no severe reactions were observed in both groups. Conclusion Babies born to HIV-positive mothers can be vacinated according to national EPI after adopting measures of preventing vertical transmission of HIV from mothers to babies.