CMOS图像传感器中卷帘式快门特性及其应用

Shutter mode of CMOS image sensor and its application

结合CMOS图像传感器研究了CMOS图像传感器卷帘式快门的具体应用。介绍了卷帘式快门的特点和工作原理,分析了具有卷帘式快门的CMOS图像传感器的成像特性,并对其进行了成像实验。探讨了一种利用卷帘式快门相机拍摄的单精度视图来计算高速物体在三维空间中的位姿和速度的新方法。最后,提出了一个运动目标的透视投影模型,讨论了估计目标位姿和速度的方法。实验结果表明:具有卷帘式快门的CMOS图像传感器对运动物体成像时会产生一定程度的畸变,畸变的程度与积分时间等传感器参数的设置有关。在误差最小化的情况下得到了运动物体的位姿和速度参数,计算误差在2.5%以内,测量精度为0.01rad/s。对实验结果的分析证明了方法的可行性。这种计算方法能够使得低价格、低耗能的CMOS相机转化为一种新的速度传感器。

In order to research the specific applications of a CMOS image sensor with a rolling shutter, this paper researches the specific CMOS image sensor. Firstly, the principle and characteristics of the global shutter and rolling shutter of the CMOS imager are introduced, and the impact of the rolling shutter on measurement precision of the imaging system is analyzed. An imaging experiment is taken to analyze the rolling shutter. Then, a new method for computing instantaneously 3D poses and velocities of fast moving objects is presented by using a single view. Finally, a general perspective projection model of a moving 3D point is presented, and a method to estimate the pose and velocity is discussed. Experimental results indicate that distortion appears when moving objects are imaged by the CMOS imager, and the degree of distortion has close relations with some parameters of CMOS imager such as integration. Moreover, the post and velocity parameters of a motion object can be obtained which shows in the case of minimizing errors. The calculation error is under 2.5% and the measurement accuracy is 0. 01 rad/s. After analysis, the proach is practicable but also it can transform a experimental low cost and results have proved that not only the ap low power CMOS camera into a new ve locity sensor.