模拟研究尾矿对环境的污染及治理探讨

Simulation Study on Environmental Pollution and Its Remediation of Mining Waste Tailings

文章通过对广东粤北地区几类典型的尾矿、废石等矿山废弃物进行酸雨淋洗的模拟实验,研究了酸性条件下矿山废弃物中重金属离子Fe、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mn、Cu和Cd以及硫酸根的溶出情况。结果表明,在酸雨条件下矿山废渣可以产生一定量的可溶性重金属,主要以Fe、Mn和Pb为主;尾砂同时产生一定的可溶性硫酸根,导致矿山流出水呈酸性。探讨了用石灰作为矿山流出水的pH调节剂、利用共沉淀除去重金属的可能性;并提出了治理尾砂堆场的措施。

The simulation test was done for the study of release of heavy metals and sulfate ion from several kinds Of mining waste tailings in the north of Guangdong Province. Results showed that mining waste tailings could release some kinds of heavy metals in the acid surroundings with ion of iron, manganese and lead as the majority. The acidity of mining wastewater resulted in the emission of sulfate ion from mining waste tailings. It was proposed that co-precipitation be possibly a good method to remove heavy metals by using lime as pH adjusting solvent. Remedial measures on mining waste tailings were also proposed.