一类聚羧酸高性能减水剂的设计合成与应用

The Molecule Design,Synthesis and Application of Polycarboxylic Acid Superplasticizer

分别以甲基丙烯磺酸钠(SMAS)等5类含磺酸基的不饱和单体,合成了5种侧链带有磺酸基团的梳形聚羧酸减水剂。用红外光谱(FT-IR)对其结构进行了确认。正交试验分析表明,SMAS是最佳的磺酸基单体,并用SMAS与丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯-聚乙二醇单甲醚共聚得到了一种新型聚羧酸高效减水剂(SPC3)。应用试验结果表明,当水灰比(W/C)为0.29,掺入量为0.30%时,SPC3的减水率高达36%,而萘磺酸甲醛缩合物(SNF)减水剂的减水率只有17%。同样条件下,掺入SPC3制备的泵送混凝土在120 min的坍落度损失为8.9%,远小于掺入SNF时的65.0%。掺入0.30%的SPC3制备的高强度混凝土(HPC),其90d压缩强度达到71.6 MPa。

Five new-type comb-like polycarboxylate superplasticizers with different monomers containing sulfonic groups, odium vinyl-sulfonate, sodium allyl-sulfonate, sodium methyl acryl sulfonate （SMAS）, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, were synthesized respectively. FT-IR was used to identify the structure of superplasticizers. Orthogonal design results show that SMAS is the best monomer containing sulfonic group, and a new-type superplasticizer of polycarboxylic acid （SPC3） has been synthesized through copolymerization of SMAS, acryl acid and acrylate methoxypolyethylene glycols. Application experiments indicate that when the adding dosage is 0.30% and water-cement ratio is 0.29, water-reducing ratio for SPC3 is 36% which is much higher than 17% for superplasticizers based on sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehyde condensates （SNF）. Slump-loss for pumping concrete with SPC3 is 8.9 % within 120 rain, which is much lower than 65.0 % for pumping concrete with SNF under the same condition. 90 clays compressive strength for high performance concrete reaches 71.6 MPa when adding dosage of SPC3 is 0.30 %.